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It is a good course to reach the b2 level, it is not about conjugation (which is a difficult point as well) but about grammar, and this point is espacially hard to get, so it takes time to study it. It is more suitable to adults than a children, adults can understand it easily. It is very important to have better conversations and to understand conversations better. Even after studying with a teacher at the university for the b2 level, it is hard to remember this grammar rule. So keep the motivation up, do not study conjugation for now, study just one thing.

The pronouns Qui and Que

We use Qui and Que to link several sentences into one.

QUI replace a person or a thing which is the subject of the verb

-Une gondole passe. Cette gondole est belle → A gondola passes. This gondola is beautiful.
La gondole qui passe est belle → The passing gondola is beautiful.
Un gondolier chante. Le gondolier est beau → A gondolier is singing. The gondolier is beautiful.
Le gondolier qui chante est beau → The gondolier who is singing is beautiful.

QUE replace a person or a thing which is the complement of the verb

-Je filme une gondole. Cette gondole est belle → I am filming a gondola. This gondola is beautiful.
La gondole que je filme est belle → The gondola I am filming is beautiful.
Je filme un gondolier. Ce gondolier est beau → I am filming a gondolier. This gondolier is beautiful.
Le gondolier que je filme est beau → The gondolier I am filming is beautiful.

The most frequently case is :
qui + the verb : La femme qui attend… → The woman who is wanting…
que + the pronoun : La femme que tu attends,… → The woman you are waiting for…

Exercise to practice

Write your answer in the comments and I will tell you if it is ok or not, and I will give you the correction.
Instruction : fill in the blank with qui or que according to the template
-Le pull qui est en vitrine est très joli. Le pull que tu portes est très joli → The sweater in the window is very pretty. The sweater you wear is very pretty.
La femme…………passe est rousse. La femme……….je regarde est rousse → The passing woman has red hair. The woman I am looking at has red hair.
L’homme………parle est journaliste. L’homme………..j’écoute est journaliste → The man who is speaking is a journalist. The man I am listening to is a journalist.
La statue………..est sur la place est bizarre. La satue…………..je  photographie est bizarre → The statue in the square is weird. The statue I am photographing is weird.
Le bus…………passe est le 27. Le bus………je prends est le 27 → The bus that passes is 27. The bus I take is the 27.

Instruction: Transform the sentences
-Une femme passe. Elle est blonde → A woman is passing. She has blond hair.
La femme……………………………………………………………………………………………………
Elle mange un gâteau. Il est énorme → She eats a cake. He is huge.
Le gâteau…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Un bus arrive. Il est vide  → A bus arrives. It’s empty.
Le bus………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
J’attends un ami. Il est en retard → I’m waiting for a friend. He is late.
L’ami……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Instruction: fill in the blank and transfrom with qui ou que
Je lis un livre qui est intéressant →  I am reading an interesting book.
Le livre que je lis est intéressant → The book I am reading is interesting.
Il fait des gâteaux………..sont délicieux → He makes cakes that are delicious.
Les gâteaux…………………………………….. → the cakes he makes are delicious.
Elle peint des tableaux………sont très beaux → She paints pictures which are very beautiful.
Les tableaux………………………………………. → The paintings she paints are very beautiful
Nous faisons des exercices……….sont difficiles → We are doing exercises that are difficult.
Les exercices…………………………………………..  → The exercises we are doing are difficult
Tu invites des amis…………..sont insupportables → You invite friends who are unbearable.
Les amis………………………………………… → The friends you invite are unbearable.

The pronoun Lui and Leur

We use lui ou leur after the verb we use with à (ex : téléphoner à → To call) + the name of a person

LUI replace a masculine or a feminine noun

-Je téléphone à Pierre → I am phoning Pierre
Je lui téléphone → I am calling him
Je téléphone à Marie → I am phoning Marie
Je lui téléphone → I am calling him

LEUR replace a plural noun

-Je téléphone à mes cousins → I am calling my cousins
Je leur téléphone → I am calling them
-Je téléphone à mes cousines → I am calling my cousins
Je leur téléphone → I am calling them

The following pronouns are placed before the verb

Paul me téléphone → Paul is calling me 
Paul te téléphone → Paul is calling you
Paul lui téléphone → Paul is calling him/her
Marie nous écrit → Marie is writing us
Marie vous écrit Marie is writing you
Marie leur écrit Marie is writing to them

We say Il me téléphone, we do not say Il téléphone à moi

A lot of communication verbs are built with the letter à
Parler à (To talk to- to speak to) / Téléphoner à (To call someone) / Dire à (To say to) / Donner à (To give to) / Ecrire à (To write to) / Répondre à (To answer to) / Envoyer à (To send to) / Offrir à (To give to)

Exercises to practice

Write your answer in the comments and I will tell you if it is ok or not, and I will give you the correction.
Instruction : Answer to the question with lui or leur
Vous parlez à Julie ? – Oui, je lui parle → Are you talking to Julie? – Yes, I am talking to her
Vous parlez à Paul et à Julie ? – Oui, je leur parle → Are you talking to Paul and Julie ? – Yes, I am talking to them
Vous téléphonez à Teresa ? – Oui, …………….. → Are you calling Teresa ? – Yes, I am calling her
Vous écrivez à Louis ? – Oui, …………………….. → Are you writing to Louis ? – Yes, we are writnig to him
Vous téléphonez à vos parents ? – oui, …………….. → Are you calling your parents – Yes, I am calling them
Vous écrivez à vos amis ? – Oui, ……………………… → Are you writing to your friends ? – Yes, I am writing to them

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Do no forget to use everything you can to improve the French language : study different topics to enrich the language, to keep the motivation up, watch movies with translation, listen to songs with translation, work for more fluency, train your memory,…

Have a look at others articles for movies, improve your memory, getting more fluency, studying without going to the university.

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Thank you for reading this article!
Thomas 😀

speakers, students